Ⅰ. Introduction Polyurethane (PU) is a versatile polymer material widely utilized in various applications due to its excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and processability. However, the tear strength of certain PU formulations, particularly those used in demanding applications like seals, tires, and conveyor belts, can be a limiting factor. Consequently, the incorporation of additives to...
Introduction Flexible polyurethane foam (FPU) is a versatile material widely used in various applications, including furniture, bedding, automotive interiors, and packaging. Its open-celled structure is crucial for achieving desirable properties like breathability, softness, and resilience. Cell openers, also known as foam stabilizers or foam regulators, are chemical additives that promote the formation of open cells...
Introduction Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) is a versatile engineering plastic prized for its flexibility, abrasion resistance, high tensile strength, and chemical resistance. Its applications span a wide range of industries, including automotive, footwear, electronics, and medical devices. However, under certain conditions, particularly at low temperatures or under high-impact stress, TPU can exhibit brittleness, limiting its performance...
Introduction Polyurethane (PU) polymers are widely used in various industries due to their versatility, excellent mechanical properties, and ease of processing. However, the inherent adhesive nature of PU resins can lead to difficulties during demolding, resulting in increased cycle times, damaged parts, and potential equipment downtime. To address these challenges, internal mold release agents (IMRs)...
Introduction Polyester polyurethanes (PUPs) are widely used in a variety of applications, including coatings, adhesives, elastomers, and foams, due to their excellent mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. However, a significant drawback of polyester-based polyurethanes is their susceptibility to hydrolytic degradation. This is because the ester linkages within the polyester polyol backbone are vulnerable...
Polyurethane (PU) is a versatile polymer widely used in various applications, including adhesives, coatings, elastomers, and foams. Its adaptability stems from the diverse range of raw materials and reaction conditions available, allowing for the tailoring of PU properties to meet specific requirements. However, the use of PU in food contact applications necessitates careful consideration of...
Introduction Polyurethane (PU) is a versatile polymer material with a wide range of applications, including coatings, adhesives, elastomers, foams, and textiles. Its properties can be tailored to specific needs by manipulating its chemical structure and composition. One crucial method for modifying the properties of polyurethane is the incorporation of additives, particularly plasticizers. Plasticizers are substances...
Polyurethane (PU) materials, known for their versatility and tunable properties, are widely used in diverse applications, ranging from rigid foams for insulation to flexible elastomers for automotive components. The performance characteristics of PU products are critically dependent not only on the base polyols and isocyanates but also on the strategic incorporation of various additives. These...
Rigid polyurethane (PU) foam is a widely used material in construction, insulation, and packaging due to its excellent thermal insulation properties, lightweight nature, and structural integrity. However, its inherent flammability poses a significant safety concern. Therefore, the incorporation of flame retardant additives is crucial to enhance the fire resistance of rigid PU foam and meet...
Abstract: Polyurethane (PU) coatings are widely used in various industries due to their excellent mechanical properties, abrasion resistance, and chemical resistance. However, PU polymers are susceptible to degradation caused by ultraviolet (UV) radiation, leading to discoloration, cracking, and loss of performance. UV stabilizers are crucial additives that protect PU coatings from UV degradation, extending their...
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