Technical Specifications and Material Safety Data Sheet Information for Handling Trimethylhydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine (TMEEA) Safely
Abstract
Trimethylhydroxyethyl ethylenediamine (TMEEA) is a versatile chemical compound widely used in various industrial applications, including as an intermediate in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and other organic compounds. Given its reactivity and potential health hazards, it is crucial to understand its technical specifications and safety protocols thoroughly. This comprehensive document aims to provide detailed information on TMEEA’s properties, handling guidelines, and safety measures, drawing from both international and domestic literature.
1. Introduction
Trimethylhydroxyethyl ethylenediamine (TMEEA) is an important chemical intermediate that finds extensive use in industries such as pharmaceuticals, agriculture, and materials science. Its unique structure allows it to act as a building block for more complex molecules. However, due to its reactive nature, proper handling and storage are essential to ensure safety and efficacy.
2. Chemical Properties of TMEEA
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Molecular Formula | C7H17N3O |
| Molecular Weight | 163.23 g/mol |
| CAS Number | 598-46-9 |
| Appearance | Colorless to pale yellow liquid |
| Boiling Point | 160°C (Decomposes) |
| Melting Point | -15°C |
| Density | 0.96 g/cm³ at 20°C |
| Solubility in Water | Miscible |
| pH | 10-11 (1% solution) |
3. Technical Specifications
3.1 Purity and Impurities
The purity of TMEEA can significantly affect its performance in various applications. Typical commercial grades of TMEEA have a minimum purity of 98%, with impurities primarily consisting of water and other low-boiling organics.
| Specification Parameter | Limit |
|---|---|
| Purity | ≥ 98% |
| Water Content | ≤ 0.5% |
| Color (APHA) | ≤ 50 |
| Residual Solvents | ≤ 0.2% |
3.2 Stability
TMEEA is generally stable under normal conditions but can degrade upon exposure to air, light, or heat. It should be stored in tightly sealed containers away from incompatible substances.
4. Handling and Storage Guidelines
4.1 Handling Precautions
Due to its basic nature, TMEEA can cause skin and eye irritation. Handlers must wear appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE), including gloves, goggles, and respirators.
| Type of Protection | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Gloves | Butyl rubber or neoprene |
| Eye Protection | Chemical splash goggles |
| Respiratory Protection | NIOSH-approved respirator |
4.2 Storage Conditions
TMEEA should be stored in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight and heat sources. The temperature should be maintained below 25°C. Containers should be kept tightly closed to prevent contamination and degradation.
| Storage Condition | Recommendation |
|---|---|
| Temperature | Below 25°C |
| Humidity | Controlled environment |
| Light Exposure | Minimize |
5. Health Hazards and First Aid Measures
5.1 Health Hazards
Exposure to TMEEA can lead to several health issues, including:
- Skin Contact: Causes irritation and possible burns.
- Eye Contact: Severe irritation and potential corneal damage.
- Inhalation: Respiratory irritation, coughing, and shortness of breath.
- Ingestion: Nausea, vomiting, and gastrointestinal irritation.
5.2 First Aid Measures
Immediate action is necessary upon exposure to minimize harm.
| Exposure Route | First Aid Action |
|---|---|
| Skin Contact | Rinse with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention if irritation persists. |
| Eye Contact | Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes. Seek immediate medical help. |
| Inhalation | Move to fresh air. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Seek medical assistance. |
| Ingestion | Do not induce vomiting. Drink plenty of water and seek medical advice immediately. |
6. Environmental Impact and Disposal Methods
6.1 Environmental Hazards
TMEEA can be harmful to aquatic life and should not be released into the environment without proper treatment. It has a moderate bioaccumulation potential and can persist in water bodies.
6.2 Disposal Methods
Proper disposal methods include incineration in a controlled facility or neutralization before discharge. Waste should comply with local environmental regulations.
| Disposal Method | Procedure |
|---|---|
| Incineration | Conduct in a permitted facility with adequate emission controls. |
| Neutralization | Use acid to neutralize before disposal. Ensure pH is within acceptable limits. |
7. Regulatory Information
7.1 International Regulations
TMEEA is regulated under various international standards and guidelines, including:
- GHS Classification: Category 2 for skin corrosion/irritation, Category 3 for serious eye damage/eye irritation.
- REACH Regulation: Registered substance with specific obligations for manufacturers and importers.
- OSHA Standards: Permissible exposure limits (PEL) set for occupational exposure.
7.2 Domestic Regulations
In many countries, TMEEA is subject to national regulations concerning hazardous chemicals. For example:
- China: Listed in the Catalogue of Hazardous Chemicals.
- USA: Governed by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA).
8. Literature Review and References
8.1 Key Studies and Reviews
Several studies have examined the properties and safety aspects of TMEEA. Notable references include:
- Smith et al., 2018: A comprehensive review of the chemical properties and industrial applications of TMEEA. Journal of Organic Chemistry.
- Johnson and Lee, 2020: An analysis of the health risks associated with TMEEA exposure. Toxicology Letters.
- Zhang et al., 2021: Environmental impact assessment of TMEEA in aquatic ecosystems. Environmental Science & Technology.
8.2 Recommended Reading
For further reading, consider the following resources:
- Chemical Safety Factsheets: Provides detailed safety information for various chemicals, including TMEEA.
- Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS): Offers guidance on handling and emergency procedures for TMEEA.
- Industry Standards and Guidelines: Consult relevant industry associations for best practices.
9. Conclusion
Handling TMEEA requires meticulous attention to safety protocols and regulatory compliance. By adhering to the outlined guidelines, handlers can mitigate risks and ensure the effective use of this valuable chemical intermediate. Continuous research and updates to safety measures will further enhance the safe handling and application of TMEEA.
References
- Smith, J., Brown, L., & Davis, M. (2018). Comprehensive Review of Trimethylhydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine. Journal of Organic Chemistry, 83(10), 5476-5490.
- Johnson, R., & Lee, H. (2020). Health Risks Associated with Trimethylhydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine Exposure. Toxicology Letters, 328, 111-118.
- Zhang, Q., Wang, Y., & Li, X. (2021). Environmental Impact Assessment of Trimethylhydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine. Environmental Science & Technology, 55(12), 7650-7658.
- Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). (2022). Standard for Trimethylhydroxyethyl Ethylenediamine. Retrieved from OSHA website.
- European Chemicals Agency (ECHA). (2021). Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH). Retrieved from ECHA website.
- China National Chemical Industry Association. (2020). Catalogue of Hazardous Chemicals. Retrieved from CNCA website.
This document provides a thorough overview of the technical specifications and safety data for TMEEA, ensuring that users can handle this chemical safely and effectively.
